Version: 2.x

FastCGI Client 2.x

info

This is the documentation of version 2.x (latest release v2.7.2), which requires PHP >= 7.1. The current version is 4.x.

A PHP fast CGI client to send requests (a)synchronously to PHP-FPM using the FastCGI Protocol.

This library is based on the work of Pierrick Charron's PHP-FastCGI-Client and was ported and modernized to latest PHP versions, extended with some features for handling multiple requests (in loops) and unit and integration tests as well.

This is the documentation of the latest release.

Please see the following links for earlier releases:

PHP >= 7.0 (EOL) v1.0.0, v1.0.1, v1.1.0, v1.2.0, v1.3.0, v1.4.0, v1.4.1, v1.4.2
PHP >= 7.1 v2.0.0, v2.0.1, v2.1.0, v2.2.0, v2.3.0, v2.4.0, v2.4.1, v2.4.2, v2.4.3, v2.5.0, v2.6.0, v2.7.0

Read more about the journey to and changes in v2.6.0 in this blog post.

You can find an experimental use-case in my related blog posts:

You can also find slides of my talks about this project on speakerdeck.com.

Installation

composer require hollodotme/fast-cgi-client:~2.6.0

Usage - single request

The following examples assume a that the content of /path/to/target/script.php looks like this:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

sleep((int)($_REQUEST['sleep'] ?? 0));
echo $_REQUEST['key'] ?? '';

Init client with a unix domain socket connection

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\UnixDomainSocket;

$connection = new UnixDomainSocket(
	'/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock',  # Socket path to php-fpm
	5000,                            # Connect timeout in milliseconds (default: 5000)
	5000                             # Read/write timeout in milliseconds (default: 5000)
);

$client = new Client( $connection );

Init client with a network socket connection

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;

$connection = new NetworkSocket(
	'127.0.0.1',    # Hostname
	9000,           # Port
	5000,           # Connect timeout in milliseconds (default: 5000)
	5000            # Read/write timeout in milliseconds (default: 5000)
);

$client = new Client( $connection );

Send request synchronously

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\UnixDomainSocket;

$client  = new Client( new UnixDomainSocket( '/var/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock' ) );
$content = http_build_query(['key' => 'value']);

$request = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', $content);

$response = $client->sendRequest($request);

echo $response->getBody();

# prints
value

Send request asynchronously (Fire and forget)

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );
$content = http_build_query(['key' => 'value']);

$request = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', $content);

$requestId = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request);

echo "Request sent, got ID: {$requestId}";

Read the response, after sending the async request

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );
$content = http_build_query(['key' => 'value']);

$request = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', $content);

$requestId = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request);

echo "Request sent, got ID: {$requestId}";

# Do something else here in the meanwhile

# Blocking call until response is received or read timed out
$response = $client->readResponse( 
	$requestId,     # The request ID 
	3000            # Optional timeout to wait for response,
					# defaults to read/write timeout in milliseconds set in connection
);

echo $response->getBody();

# prints
value

Notify a callback when async request responded

You can register response and failure callbacks for each request. In order to notify the callbacks when a response was received instead of returning it, you need to use the waitForResponse(int $requestId, ?int $timeoutMs = null) method.

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Interfaces\ProvidesResponseData;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;
use Throwable;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );
$content = http_build_query(['key' => 'value']);

$request = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', $content);

# Register a response callback, expects a `ProvidesResponseData` instance as the only paramter
$request->addResponseCallbacks(
	static function( ProvidesResponseData $response )
	{
		echo $response->getBody();	
	}
);

# Register a failure callback, expects a `\Throwable` instance as the only parameter
$request->addFailureCallbacks(
	static function ( Throwable $throwable )
	{
		echo $throwable->getMessage();	
	}
);

$requestId = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request);

echo "Request sent, got ID: {$requestId}";

# Do something else here in the meanwhile

# Blocking call until response is received or read timed out
# If response was received all registered response callbacks will be notified
$client->waitForResponse( 
	$requestId,     # The request ID 
	3000            # Optional timeout to wait for response,
					# defaults to read/write timeout in milliseconds set in connection
);

# ... is the same as

while(true)
{
	if ($client->hasResponse($requestId))
	{
		$client->handleResponse($requestId, 3000);
		break;
	}
}

# prints
value

Usage - multiple requests

Sending multiple requests and reading their responses (order preserved)

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );

$request1 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '1']));
$request2 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '2']));
$request3 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '3']));

$requestIds = [];

$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request1);
$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request2);
$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request3);

echo 'Sent requests with IDs: ' . implode( ', ', $requestIds ) . "\n";

# Do something else here in the meanwhile

# Blocking call until all responses are received or read timed out
# Responses are read in same order the requests were sent
foreach ($client->readResponses(3000, ...$requestIds) as $response)
{
	echo $response->getBody() . "\n";	
}

# prints
1
2
3

Sending multiple requests and reading their responses (reactive)

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );

$request1 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '1', 'sleep' => 3]));
$request2 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '2', 'sleep' => 2]));
$request3 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '3', 'sleep' => 1]));

$requestIds = [];

$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request1);
$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request2);
$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request3);

echo 'Sent requests with IDs: ' . implode( ', ', $requestIds ) . "\n";

# Do something else here in the meanwhile

# Loop until all responses were received
while ( $client->hasUnhandledResponses() )
{
	# read all ready responses
	foreach ( $client->readReadyResponses( 3000 ) as $response )
	{
		echo $response->getBody() . "\n";
	}
	
	echo '.';
}

# ... is the same as

while ( $client->hasUnhandledResponses() )
{
	$readyRequestIds = $client->getRequestIdsHavingResponse();
	
	# read all ready responses
	foreach ( $client->readResponses( 3000, ...$readyRequestIds ) as $response )
	{
		echo $response->getBody() . "\n";
	}
	
	echo '.';
}

# ... is the same as

while ( $client->hasUnhandledResponses() )
{
	$readyRequestIds = $client->getRequestIdsHavingResponse();
	
	# read all ready responses
	foreach ($readyRequestIds as $requestId)
	{
		$response = $client->readResponse($requestId, 3000);
		echo $response->getBody() . "\n";
	}
	
	echo '.';
}

# prints
...............................................3
...............................................2
...............................................1

Sending multiple requests and notifying callbacks (reactive)

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Interfaces\ProvidesResponseData;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;
use Throwable;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );

$responseCallback = static function( ProvidesResponseData $response )
{
	echo $response->getBody();	
};

$failureCallback = static function ( Throwable $throwable )
{
	echo $throwable->getMessage();	
};

$request1 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '1', 'sleep' => 3]));
$request2 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '2', 'sleep' => 2]));
$request3 = new PostRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', http_build_query(['key' => '3', 'sleep' => 1]));

$request1->addResponseCallbacks($responseCallback);
$request1->addFailureCallbacks($failureCallback);

$request2->addResponseCallbacks($responseCallback);
$request2->addFailureCallbacks($failureCallback);

$request3->addResponseCallbacks($responseCallback);
$request3->addFailureCallbacks($failureCallback);

$requestIds = [];

$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request1);
$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request2);
$requestIds[] = $client->sendAsyncRequest($request3);

echo 'Sent requests with IDs: ' . implode( ', ', $requestIds ) . "\n";

# Do something else here in the meanwhile

# Blocking call until all responses were received and all callbacks notified
$client->waitForResponses(3000);

# ... is the same as

while ( $client->hasUnhandledResponses() )
{
	$client->handleReadyResponses(3000);
}

# ... is the same as

while ( $client->hasUnhandledResponses() )
{
	$readyRequestIds = $client->getRequestIdsHavingResponse();
	
	# read all ready responses
	foreach ($readyRequestIds as $requestId)
	{
		$client->handleResponse($requestId, 3000);
	}
}

# prints
3
2
1

Reading output buffer from worker script using pass through callbacks

It may be useful to see the progression of a requested script by having access to the flushed output of that script. The php.ini default output buffering for php-fpm is 4096 bytes and is (hard-coded) disabled for CLI mode. (See documentation) Calling ob_implicit_flush() causes every call to echo or print to immediately be flushed.

The callee script could look like this:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

ob_implicit_flush();

function show( string $string )
{
	echo $string . str_repeat( "\r", 4096 - strlen( $string ) ) . "\n";
	sleep( 1 );
}

show( 'One' );
show( 'Two' );
show( 'Three' );

error_log("Oh oh!\n");

echo 'End';

The caller than could look like this:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace YourVendor\YourProject;

use hollodotme\FastCGI\Client;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\GetRequest;
use hollodotme\FastCGI\SocketConnections\NetworkSocket;

$client  = new Client( new NetworkSocket( '127.0.0.1', 9000 ) );

$passThroughCallback = static function( string $outputBuffer, string $errorBuffer )
{
	echo 'Output: ' . $outputBuffer;
	echo 'Error: ' . $errorBuffer;
};

$request = new GetRequest('/path/to/target/script.php', '');
$request->addPassThroughCallbacks( $passThroughCallback );

$client->sendAsyncRequest($request);
$client->waitForResponses();

# prints immediately
Buffer: Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Output: One
# sleeps 1 sec
Output: Two
# sleeps 1 sec
Output: Three
# sleeps 1 sec
Error: Oh oh!
Output: End

Requests

Request are defined by the following interface:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace hollodotme\FastCGI\Interfaces;

interface ProvidesRequestData
{
	public function getGatewayInterface() : string;

	public function getRequestMethod() : string;

	public function getScriptFilename() : string;

	public function getServerSoftware() : string;

	public function getRemoteAddress() : string;

	public function getRemotePort() : int;

	public function getServerAddress() : string;

	public function getServerPort() : int;

	public function getServerName() : string;

	public function getServerProtocol() : string;

	public function getContentType() : string;

	public function getContentLength() : int;

	public function getContent() : string;

	public function getCustomVars() : array;

	public function getParams() : array;
	
	public function getRequestUri() : string;
}

Alongside with this interface, this package provides an abstract request class, containing default values to make the API more handy for you and 5 request method implementations of this abstract class:

hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\GetRequest
hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PostRequest
hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PutRequest
hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\PatchRequest
hollodotme\FastCGI\Requests\DeleteRequest

So you can either implement the interface, inherit from the abstract class or simply use one of the 5 implementations.

Default values

The abstract request class defines several default values which you can optionally overwrite:

Key	Default value	Comment
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	FastCGI/1.0	Cannot be overwritten, because this is the only supported version of the client.
SERVER_SOFTWARE	hollodotme/fast-cgi-client
REMOTE_ADDR	192.168.0.1
REMOTE_PORT	9985
SERVER_ADDR	127.0.0.1
SERVER_PORT	80
SERVER_NAME	localhost
SERVER_PROTOCOL	HTTP/1.1	You can use the public class constants in `hollodotme\FastCGI\Constants\ServerProtocol`
CONTENT_TYPE	application/x-www-form-urlencoded
REQUEST_URI
CUSTOM_VARS	empty array	You can use the methods `setCustomVar`, `addCustomVars` to add own key-value pairs

Responses

Responses are defined by the following interface:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

namespace hollodotme\FastCGI\Interfaces;

interface ProvidesResponseData
{
	public function getRequestId() : int;

	public function getHeaders() : array;

	public function getHeader( string $headerKey ) : string;

	public function getBody() : string;

    /**
     * @deprecated Since v2.6.0 in favour of getOutput(), will be removed in v3.0.0  
     * @return string
     */
	public function getRawResponse() : string;
	
	public function getOutput() : string;
	
	public function getError() : string;

	public function getDuration() : float;
}

Assuming /path/to/target/script.php has the following content:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

echo 'Hello World';
error_log('Some error');

The raw response would look like this:

Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Hello World

Please note:

All headers sent by your script will precede the response body
There won't be any HTTP specific headers like HTTP/1.1 200 OK, because there is no webserver involved.

Custom headers will also be part of the response:

<?php declare(strict_types=1);

header('X-Custom: Header');

echo 'Hello World';
error_log('Some error');

The raw response would look like this:

X-Custom: Header
Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Hello World

You can retrieve all of the response data separately from the response object:

# Get the request ID
echo $response->getRequestId(); # random int set by client

# Get a single response header
echo $response->getHeader('X-Custom'); # 'Header'

# Get all headers
print_r($response->getHeaders());
/*
Array (
	[X-Custom] => Header
	[Content-type] => text/html; charset=UTF-8
)
*/

# Get the body
echo $response->getBody(); # 'Hello World'

# Get the raw response output from STDOUT stream
echo $response->getOutput();
/*
X-Custom: Header
Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

Hello World
*/

# Get the raw response from SFTERR stream
echo $response->getError();
/*
Some error
*/

# Get the duration
echo $response->getDuration(); # e.g. 0.0016319751739502

Trouble shooting

"File not found." response (php-fpm)

This response is generated by php-fpm for the preceding error Primary script unknown in case the requested script does not exists or there are path traversals in its path like /var/www/../run/script.php.

Although the given path may exist and would resolve to an absolute path in the file system, php-fpm does not do any path resolution and accepts only absolute paths to the script you want to execute.

Programatically you can handle this error like this:

if (preg_match("#^Primary script unknown\n?$#", $response->getError()))
{
    throw new Exception('Could not find or resolve path to script for execution.');
}

# OR

if ('404 Not Found' === $response->getHeader('Status'))
{
    throw new Exception('Could not find or resolve path to script for execution.');
}

# OR

if ('File not found.' === $response->getOutput())
{
    throw new Exception('Could not find or resolve path to script for execution.');
}

Bring up local environment

docker-compose up -d

Run examples

docker-compose exec php73 php bin/examples.php

Run all tests

sh tests/runTestsOnAllLocalPhpVersions.sh

Command line tool (for debugging only)

Run a call through a network socket:

docker-compose exec php73 php bin/fcgiget localhost:9001/status

Run a call through a Unix Domain Socket

docker-compose exec php73 php bin/fcgiget unix:///var/run/php-uds.sock/status

This shows the response of the php-fpm status page.

Installation​

Usage - single request​

Init client with a unix domain socket connection​

Init client with a network socket connection​

Send request synchronously​

Send request asynchronously (Fire and forget)​

Read the response, after sending the async request​

Notify a callback when async request responded​

Usage - multiple requests​

Sending multiple requests and reading their responses (order preserved)​

Sending multiple requests and reading their responses (reactive)​

Sending multiple requests and notifying callbacks (reactive)​

Reading output buffer from worker script using pass through callbacks​

Requests​

Default values​

Responses​

Trouble shooting​

"File not found." response (php-fpm)​

Bring up local environment​

Run examples​

Run all tests​

Command line tool (for debugging only)​